Use And Maintenance Of Tires

(1) Safe storage

All tires should be stored in a cool, dry and dark room. Avoid putting them near sunlight, oil, acids and hydrocarbons, which will corrode the tires. Due to pressurization, liquid may enter the carcass layer through the inner liner of the tire, which may cause sudden damage to the tire.

(2) Tire maintenance

Timely replacement of tires, selection of appropriate patterns, daily maintenance, regular inspection of tire pressure, timely repair after damage, and frequent excavation and cleaning of stones and foreign matters in the tread are all important factors to prolong tire life. After a period of use of tires, due to the camber of the road surface, the brake and the different assembly positions of tires, the tread wear will be greatly different. Therefore, it is necessary to timely transpose and assemble so that each tire can take turns at each position, and the load borne by each tire is roughly the same, so as to solve the problem of tire eccentric wear and prolong the service life. There are two common methods for tire transposition: "cross transposition" and "cyclic transposition". When new and old tires are mixed, when the new tire is better, the new tire or better tire is fixed on the front wheel, and the old tire or retreaded tire is fixed on the rear wheel, such methods as left-right shift and internal and external shift are adopted. When the original rolling direction is changed after the replacement, the tire should be adjusted in the reverse direction (that is, the position of the replacement vehicle and the rolling direction). This is a measure to reduce or eliminate the eccentric wear and chamfer of the tire and the excessive fatigue on the one side of the shoulder. It is also a way to extend the service life of the tire and improve the retreading rate.

(3) Ensure standard air pressure

Master the inflation standard of tires and ensure that the tire pressure is within the specified value. Too high or too low tire pressure will increase wear and reduce mileage. When the tire pressure is lower than the standard value, the wear of the tire shoulder increases sharply; When the tire pressure is higher than the standard value, the contact area of the tire decreases and the unit pressure increases, which increases the wear in the middle of the tire tread, increases the rigidity of the tire, increases the dynamic load on the wheel, and easily causes the carcass to burst. When driving on rough roads or at high speeds, the impact is more serious.

(4) Control tire temperature

When the vehicle is running, the temperature in the tire will rise due to deformation and friction. When the temperature reaches 100 ℃, the strength of the carcass will be greatly reduced, which is very easy to cause delamination, explosion and other damage. The tire temperature is not easy to measure. It is usually determined according to the degree of increase in tire pressure. The higher the tire pressure, the higher the tire temperature. When the ambient temperature is above 30 ℃, the increase of tire pressure shall not exceed 20% of the inflation standard. Due to poor heat dissipation conditions, it is easy to make the tire temperature exceed 100 ℃. When driving in high temperature in summer, if the tire temperature is too high, stop the vehicle to cool down naturally in a cool place. It is strictly prohibited to use cold water sprinkling, deflation and other methods to cool down and reduce pressure. Because splashing cold water will make the tire cool suddenly, all parts shrink unevenly, which is very easy to crack and affect the service life. When the weather is hot, if there is a road section that needs to wade on the way, you should also stop to cool down first to avoid adverse effects on tires. If the tire is deflated on the way, although the tire pressure drops, the tire temperature does not decrease, but the original balance conditions are destroyed. When driving on, the tire temperature will continue to increase on the original basis due to the decrease of the air pressure. Until the heat and heat dissipation of the tire are re balanced, the tire temperature will be much higher than the original, resulting in serious damage to the tire.

(5) Influence of driving habits on tires

① Smooth start. Because the wheel suddenly rotates from a stationary state, the tire and the road surface will have severe friction, which will accelerate the wear of the tire crown. ② Drive at medium speed. According to the information, when the speed changes from medium speed to high speed, the mileage of tires will be reduced by 15%. In addition, the higher the vehicle speed, the higher the wave vibration frequency. When the vehicle speed reaches a certain critical speed, the wave deformation on the tire crown surface will obviously increase, forming a static waveform. This is the standing wave phenomenon of tires. When standing wave occurs, the tire will be out of round, the tire temperature will rise sharply, and the cord ply and tread will peel off and scatter. Small ones may cause tire damage, and large ones may cause major traffic accidents. ③ Try to avoid emergency braking. In case of emergency braking, the wheels will change from rolling to towing, causing friction between the tires and the road surface locally, resulting in severe wear due to overheating. If emergency braking is often used at high speed, a large amount of heat will be generated, causing tire aging and malignant damage to tires.

(6) Routine inspection before driving

Before driving, check whether the tire has bulges, cracks, cuts, pins, lack of air and abnormal wear. If any, it must be repaired immediately. Check whether the tire tread groove is pierced by foreign matters, metal sheets, glass, etc., or there are stones and other foreign matters in the tire groove. If found, please remove them with a screwdriver. Check the fastening of tire fixing nuts and tighten them in time if they are loose. If the tire pressure is found to be lower than 20% of the standard, the tire must be removed from the nearest tire store as soon as possible and inspected by professionals. Pay attention to whether the wheel rim of the car body is deformed, cracked and damaged, so as to facilitate driving safety.